BATU PERMATA (GEMSTONES)
Istilah Melayu Antarabangsa Kandungan/Komposisi Kimia & Kekerasan
(mohon tunjuk ajar serta reply komen untuk tambah yang mana2 yang belum saya rekod di bawah)
|
Bahasa melayu |
Geologi / Gemologi |
Kandungan/Komposisi kimia |
Kekerasan (Mohs) |
|
Akik/Akek |
Chalcedony (Agate@Jasper) |
Silicon dioxide SiO2 |
6.5-7 |
|
Baiduri |
Opal |
silica+water SiO2+.H2O |
5.5-6.5 |
|
Delima |
Ruby |
aluminum
oxide(corundum) Al2O3 |
9 |
|
Firus |
Turquoise |
hydrated
phosphate of copper and aluminium CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8.5H2O |
5-6 |
|
Intan/berlian |
Diamond |
Carbon C |
10 |
|
Jed |
Jadeite @ Nephrite |
sodium
aluminum silicate NaAl(SiO3)2 |
6.5-7 |
|
Kecubung |
Amethyst |
Silicon dioxide(Quartz) SiO2 |
7 |
|
Marjan |
Coral |
Aragonite or conchioline CaCO3 |
2.5 -
3.5 |
|
Mutiara |
Pearl |
Calcium
carbonate, conchiolin and water |
2.5-3.5 |
|
Nilam |
Saphire |
aluminum
oxide(corundum) Al2O3 |
9 |
|
Yakut |
Zircon |
Zirconium
silicate ZrSiO4 |
7.5 |
|
Zamrud |
Emerald |
beryllium
aluminum silicate Be3Al2SiO6 |
7.5 |
Cempaka | Citrine | Silicon dioxide(Quartz) SiO2 | 7 |
